New Research and Review
Understanding Dehydration and Its Effects on The Dying Process
New Research and Review
Dehydration Physiology protocol Mammals and Humans
Systematic Review Mammals and Dehydration at EOL
TITLE:
The Physiology of Death by Dehydration: A Systematic and Integrative Review of the Literature
AUTHORS:
Rebecca Gagne-Henderson PhD, APRN, FPCN,
Nidia Mantilla-Manosalva
Santiago Guadarrama MD
Lennis Jazmin Bedoya-Muñoz MD
Angie Nathalia Hernández-Rico MD
María Fernanda Iriarte-Aristizábal MD
Maria Alejandra Umbacia MD
Leah Ward, DNP
Juan Esteban Correa-Morales MD
RATIONALE/BACKGROUND:
Before the occurrence of a natural death, people cease swallowing, drinking, and eating. Many mistakenly believe that the person starves, but we know that starvation persists up to three months before death. We also know that dehydration can take as long as two weeks before death. We see the symptom burden that occurs with hyperhydration, but we do not know what happens at dehydration's physiological, endocrine, and neurobiological levels at the end of life. We seek to answer this question.
RESEARCH QUESTION
When mammals are exposed to dehydration, what are the physiological, endocrine, and neurobiological changes before death?
SEARCH STRATEGY
DATA MANAGEMENT/EXTRACTION
· RAYYAN will be used to identify duplicate articles and for the team to review abstracts to include or exclude.
· PRISMA will be used to document inclusion and exclusion of articles
· Endnote will be used to group and store the included articles.
DATA BASES TO BE SEARCHED:
· PubMed,
· Biosys Previews (Web of Science),
· Zoological Record (Web of Knowledge),
· CINAHL,
· EMBASE,
· Cochrane,
· ORVID
ARTICLE DATE PARAMETER:
· There will be no date restrictions as much of the data may be old.
LANGUAGE INCLUSION:
· Only English and Spanish language articles will be included.
TYPES OF LITERATURE INCLUDED:
· Peer Reviewed Journal Articles
· Gray Papers
TYPES OF LITERATURE EXCLUDED:
· Reports
· Opinion
· Letters to the editor
· Conference abstracts
STUDY TYPES INCLUDED
· Animal Interventional Studies
· Animal Observational Studies
· Case study/report with 10 or more cases
INCLUSION/EXCLUSION
Inclusion:
· All articles regarding dehydration in mammals near or at death
· All articles regarding vasopressin in dehydration
· All articles regarding oxytocin in dehydration
·
Exclusion
· Exclude plants
· Exclude non-physiological articles
· Exclude duplicates
· Exclude resuscitation/recovery from dehydration
· Exclude exercise physiology
· Exclude dehydration during exposure to heat.
· Exclude case reports
· Exclude case series with fewer than 10 cases
BIAS AND QUALITY CONTROL
· The Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) will be used to control for bias and enhance quality
· The PRISMA Diagram will be used for quality management and accuracy
DATA EXTRACTION
· The PRISMA Diagram will be completed and proofed by 2 individuals
· Included articles will be divided by endocrine, physiological, and neurobiological topics
GRADING OF EVIDENCE
· Two – three reviewers will be assigned by topic and read each included article
o Review groups will determine pertinent information
o Review groups will write a report on the data section assigned
o Review groups will develop tables and figures to illustrate data
o Review group will use GRADE tool to measure quality
§ Meetings held via Zoom/Teams
DATA SYNTHESIS
· Data will be synthesized using a narrative methodology
Systematic Review Humans and Dehydration at EOL
TITLE:
The Physiology of Death by Dehydration: A Systematic and Integrative Review of the Literature
AUTHORS:
Rebecca Gagne-Henderson PhD, APRN, FPCN,
Nidia Mantilla-Manosalva
Santiago Guadarrama MD
Lennis Jazmin Bedoya-Muñoz MD
Angie Nathalia Hernández-Rico MD
María Fernanda Iriarte-Aristizábal MD
Maria Alejandra Umbacia MD
Leah Ward, DNP
Juan Esteban Correa-Morales MD
RATIONALE/BACKGROUND:
Before the occurrence of a natural death, people cease swallowing, drinking, and eating. Many mistakenly believe that the person starves, but we know that starvation persists up to three months before death. We also know that dehydration can take as long as two weeks before death. We see the symptom burden that occurs with hyperhydration, but we do not know what happens at dehydration's physiological, endocrine, and neurobiological levels at the end of life. We seek to answer this question.
RESEARCH QUESTION
When adult humans are exposed to dehydration, what are the physiological, endocrine, and neurobiological changes before death?
SEARCH STRATEGY
DATA MANAGEMENT/EXTRACTION
· RAYYAN will be used to identify duplicate articles and for the team to review abstracts to include or exclude.
· PRISMA will be used to document inclusion and exclusion of articles
· Endnote will be used to group and store the included articles.
DATA BASES TO BE SEARCHED:
· PubMed,
· Biosys Previews (Web of Science),
· Zoological Record (Web of Knowledge),
· CINAHL,
· EMBASE,
· Cochrane,
· ORVID
ARTICLE DATE PARAMETER:
· There will be no date restrictions as much of the data may be old.
LANGUAGE INCLUSION:
· Only English and Spanish language articles will be included.
TYPES OF LITERATURE INCLUDED:
· Peer Reviewed Journal Articles
· Gray Papers
TYPES OF LITERATURE EXCLUDED:
· Reports
· Opinion
· Letters to the editor
· Conference abstracts
STUDY TYPES INCLUDED
· Interventional Studies
· Observational Studies
· Retrospective Studies
· Case study/report with 10 or more cases
INCLUSION/EXCLUSION
Inclusion:
· All articles regarding dehydration in humans near or at death
· All articles regarding vasopressin in dehydration
· All articles regarding oxytocin in dehydration
·
Exclusion
· Exclude plants
· Exclude non-human mammals
· Exclude non-physiological articles
· Exclude duplicates
· Exclude resuscitation/recovery from dehydration
· Exclude exercise physiology
· Exclude dehydration during exposure to heat.
· Exclude case reports
· Exclude case series with fewer than 10 cases
· Exclude pediatric studies
· Exclude obstetrical studies
BIAS AND QUALITY CONTROL
· The PRISMA Diagram will be used for quality management and accuracy
· The CASP Checklist for Systematic Reviews will be applied to included articles
DATA EXTRACTION
· The PRISMA Diagram will be completed and proofed by 2 individuals
· Included articles will be divided by endocrine, physiological, and neurobiological topics
GRADING OF EVIDENCE
· Two – three reviewers will be assigned by topic and read each included article
o Review groups will determine pertinent information
o Review groups will write a report on the data section assigned
o Review groups will develop tables and figures to illustrate data
o Review group will use the CASP tool to measure quality
§ Meetings held via Zoom/Teams
DATA SYNTHESIS
· Data will be synthesized using a narrative methodology